Intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) is a special method used to mechanically pump blood into the aorta. This technique is used against cardiogenic shock in patients with acute left ventricular failure. Special equipment is used for this procedure, namely a pump. It is activated during diastole, to increase blood flow to the coronary arteries.
A special device provides temporary support of the pumping function of the ventricle. IABP system is a combination of a console, a gas supply line and a balloon that varies from 2 to 50 milliliters in size and is placed in the descending aorta. The balloon is filled with helium; it inflates and increases coronary perfusion. At the same time, it reduces afterload, deflating in systole. With the help of the device, it is possible to increase the cardiac output by 40% and improve the correlation between needs and supply of oxygen into the myocardium.
Indications for use of intra-aortic balloon pumping are:
Use of the device has the following beneficial effects on the circulatory system:
We recommend focusing on models with minimum catheter diameter in order to obtain all the advantages of fiber optic technology. First, it concerns patients with damaged vessels. One more piece of advice – pay attention to the material, of which the intra-aortal balloon is made. It is necessary that it ensures high abrasive sustainability and decreases mechanical tissue resilience. Modified polyurethane would be a good choice in this case. The pump should be of high speed to increase the operation efficiency of the balloon.
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